I thought these six articles on cancer research would be interesting. It seems like everyday there’s a new development in the news concerning some study or breakthrough from somewhere around the world showing me that this is certainly an international crisis that makes no distinction between age, race or gender. The five articles below concern: (1) the post-traumatic stress symptoms suffered by children whose parents have cancer, (2) news of an experimental drug that seems to slow the spread of skin cancer, (3) a study that shows all types of alcohol add equally to the risk of developing breast cancer in women, (4) the disparities in end of life hospice care recived by blacks (5) new developments allowing virtual colonoscopies in Pensacola and (6) the spotlight on a Gulf Breeze facility which treats prostate cancer. Please read, enjoy and learn.
BARCELONA (Reuters) - Children whose parents have cancer often suffer post-traumatic stress symptoms that adults underestimate, Dutch researchers said on Wednesday. The study, which the researchers said was the first to track post traumatic stress symptoms in adolescents over an extended period of time, found many children of cancer patients suffered telltale signs of the disorder. These symptoms included recurring nightmares, an inability to stop thinking about the disease as well as conscious efforts to avoid hearing or knowing anything about their parent’s condition, they told the European Cancer Conference. “We thought the symptoms would decline after time but even after one to five years after the diagnosis, the children still had symptoms,” said Gea Huizinga, a health scientist at the University Medical Centre in Groningen, who led the study.  Experts say post traumatic stress disorder symptoms include irritability or outbursts of anger, sleep difficulties, trouble concentrating, extreme vigilance and an exaggerated startle response. A person may initially respond to the trauma with horror or helplessness, then may persistently relive the event. The recently completed study did not actually test whether children had the disorder but rather looked for symptoms of PTSD in 49 youths aged 11 to 18 years old starting during the first year after a parent’s cancer diagnosis. After first learning a parent had cancer, 29 percent of the children showed post traumatic stress symptoms serious enough to justify psychological help, the researchers said. This number dropped by the end of the first year as kids seemed to adjust to the fact a parent had cancer, especially if the parent’s health improved, Huizinga said. But surprisingly, as time wore on, another group of children started showing an increase of symptoms, perhaps due to the cancer returning or having the time to think more — and fret — about the disease, she added. “We thought the symptoms would decline over time,” Huizinga said. The study also found that girls seemed to have the most problems, perhaps because these children may feel responsible for taking on more duties at home with a sick parent, Huizinga said. The team also suggested that the effect on children whose parents have cancer was bigger than many serious, chronic diseases because dying from cancer was so possible. “We think cancer may have more impact because a parent might die of the disease,” Huizinga said. “With a lot of chronic diseases that is often not the case.”
BARCELONA, Spain - A very early test of an experimental drug seemed to slow the spread of advanced deadly skin cancer in a small study, the drug’s U.S. developer reported in preliminary findings Wednesday.  Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp. of Lexington, Mass., reported that patients with advanced melanoma who got the drug survived an average of 3.7 months without new cancer lesions, compared to 1.8 months for those who got the standard treatment. The treatment, given as a pill, is so early in development it doesn’t have a name. It must pass muster in much more rigorous testing before the company seeks U.S. approval. Synta’s drug is one of several in development by other companies trying a new strategy against cancer — killing tumor cells by overloading them with oxygen. “We are taking advantage of the Achilles heel of cancer cells,” said Dr. Anthony Williams, vice president of clinical research at Synta Pharmaceuticals. The drug has no effect on normal cells, which can adjust to higher levels of oxygen that cause cancer cells to self-destruct. Doctors who heard the results at the European Cancer Organization meeting were heartened but said further study is needed. “This could have a profound effect on patients,” said Dr. Alex Eggermont, president-elect of the European Cancer Organization and a surgical oncology professor at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Eggermont was not connected with the study. The study followed 81 patients with advanced melanoma for about two years. Twenty-eight received the standard chemotherapy drug paclitaxel and lived an average of 1.8 months with no new lesions, while 53 got paclitaxel plus the new drug and survived an average of 3.7 months with no new lesions. Less than 5 percent of patients taking the new pill suffered serious side effects, such as a temporary drop in white blood cells, back pain and fatigue. There are very few drugs available for people with advanced melanoma, which kills 70 percent of patients within one year. Globally, about 160,000 people have it. The company plans a bigger study with more than 600 patients at 150 cancer centers worldwide.
BARCELONA, Spain - All types of alcohol — wine, beer or liquor — add equally to the risk of developing breast cancer in women, American researchers said Thursday. “This is a hugely underestimated risk factor,” said Dr. Patrick Maisonneuve, head of epidemiology at the European Institute of Oncology in Italy, who was not connected to the study. “Women drinking wine because they think it is healthier than beer are wrong,” he said. “It’s about the amount of alcohol consumed, not the type. “Previous studies have shown a link between alcohol consumption and breast cancer, but there have been conflicting messages about whether different kinds of alcohol were more dangerous than others. The researchers, led by Dr. Arthur Klatsky of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in Oakland, Calif., revealed their findings at a meeting of the European Cancer Organization in Barcelona. Researchers analyzed the drinking habits of 70,033 women of various races and asked them questions during health exams between 1978 and 1985. By 2004, 2,829 of these women had been diagnosed with breast cancer. Klatsky and his colleagues looked at which types of alcohol the women drank, as well as their total alcohol intake. They compared that to women who had less than one drink a day. Researchers found no difference in the risk of developing breast cancer among women who drank wine, beer, or liquor. Compared with light drinkers — those who had less than one drink a day —women who had one or two drinks a day increased their risk of developing breast cancer by 10 percent. Women who had more than three drinks a day raised their risk by 30 percent. “A 30 percent increased risk is not trivial,” Klatsky said. “It provides more evidence for why heavy drinkers should quit or cut down.” Some experts said that people might be confused by suggestions that drinking red wine is healthy, since some studies have suggested that it protects against heart disease. “None of these mechanisms have anything to do with breast cancer,” Klatsky said. Though it is not entirely clear how alcohol contributes to breast cancer, some experts think it raises hormone levels in the blood to levels that could potentially cause cancer. Still, doctors said that other factors, such as genetics, obesity, and age, were more important in raising the breast cancer risk than was alcohol consumption. More public education may be needed. “Alcohol has had a lot of good publicity. People may not realize the risk they’re taking when they have a few drinks,” said Tim Key, of the Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit at Oxford. Key was not involved in the study. According to data published in the British Journal of Cancer in 2002, 4 percent of all breast cancers — about 44,000 cases a year — in the United Kingdom are due to alcohol consumption. Only a small proportion of women are thought to be heavy drinkers. But experts now say there is enough evidence to blame alcohol for breast cancer — and to start educating the public. “Any alcohol consumption will raise your breast cancer risk,” Key said. “Women don’t have to abstain from alcohol entirely, but they need to be aware of the risks they’re taking when they have a few too many drinks.”
Fewer blacks receive end-of-life hospice care- NEW YORK
African-Americans are less likely than whites to receive end-of-life care from a hospice program, particularly for diseases other than cancer, a new study suggests. The goal of hospice care is to make terminally ill patients comfortable at the end of life, offering treatment for pain and other physical and psychological symptoms. Historically, black Americans have been less likely than whites to enter hospice care. In the new study, researchers found that the racial gap is particularly obvious among patients dying of diseases other than cancer. Among more than 166,000 patients at the largest U.S. hospice provider, researchers found that African-American patients were one-third less likely than whites to have an illness other than cancer. The findings suggest that closing this “noncancer gap” would go far in reducing racial disparities in overall hospice use, according to Dr. Kimberly S. Johnson and colleagues at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. They report the findings in the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. Hospice programs were originally developed for the care of terminally ill cancer patients. That has changed since the 1990s, and in the U.S., patients with other life-limiting diseases now make up the majority of hospice enrollees. Still, many people may remain unaware of the full scope of hospice care, according to Johnson and her colleagues. In addition, some people see hospice care as “giving up,” and studies suggest that African Americans, in particular, have a greater preference for more-aggressive treatments, the researchers note. This may be particularly true when it comes to diseases other than cancer, they explain. It’s harder to predict the life expectancy of someone with advanced heart or lung disease, for example, compared with someone with terminal cancer. There were “positive changes” seen in the study, according to Johnson’s team. Between 1999 and 2003, the percentage of hospice enrollees with non-cancer diagnoses climbed, regardless of race. However, the racial gap remained steady over time, the researchers found. More studies, they conclude, are needed to figure out why African Americans have a particularly lower rate of hospice use for diseases other than cancer. “Targeted efforts to increase hospice use among African Americans with noncancer diagnoses may be important in reducing racial disparities in overall hospice use and improving the quality of care for dying African Americans,” they write.
Virtual Colonoscopies Gaining Appeal  Associated Press
Undergoing an X-ray to look for signs of colon cancer may soon be an option for those who dread the traditional scope exam. Two of the largest studies yet of “virtual colonoscopy” show the experimental technique works just as well at spotting potentially cancerous growths as the more invasive method. It’s also quicker and cheaper. Some local doctors say that although the virtual version can be an effective diagnostic tool, it is not typically covered by some insurance carriers. And they say the traditional exam will not be replaced by the virtual scan. The X-rays can help sort out who really needs the full exam and removal of suspicious growths, called polyps. In one study, only 8 percent of patients had to have followup traditional colonoscopies, which are done under sedation and carry a small risk of puncturing the bowel. But what some people consider the most unpleasant part can’t be avoided: drinking laxatives to purge the bowel so growths can be seen. Still, proponents hope that the newer test will lure those who have balked at getting conventional screening. “This is ready for prime time,” said Dr. Perry Pickhardt, one of the researchers at the University of Wisconsin Medical School who reported the results of their study last week in the New England Journal of Medicine. A second, federally funded study at 15 sites around the country is meant to be the definitive test of virtual colonoscopy. Results have not been published, but they show the test to be promising. Dr. Christopher Dorvault, chairman of the radiology department at West Florida Hospital in Pensacola, said the virtual colonoscopy is appealing because although it still requires a pretest bowel cleansing, it does not require sedation, can be completed in less than 15 minutes and has a much lower risk of perforation than conventional colonoscopy. West Florida Hospital has offered the virtual scan for about four years, Dorvault said. Colonoscopies are recommended for everyone older than 50, but just about half get tested. Colon cancer is the nation’s second leading cause of cancer deaths, and an estimated 52,000 people will die from it this year. Screening can save lives by finding growths before they become cancerous. Colonoscopies, considered the gold standard test, are recommended every 10 years and more frequently after polyps are found. The Wisconsin study compared the two methods in more than 3,000 patients and found that conventional colonoscopy detected 121 polyps while virtual colonoscopy detected 123, Dorvault said. Regardless of which method is used, there are many who are not having their colon screened for polyps, which if not removed can become cancerous, Dorvault said. “If patients prefer this test and that leads to a larger number of patients undergoing some form of colon screening, then there clearly is a public health benefit,” he said. In the study, the virtual colonoscopies didn’t report tiny polyps, which are unlikely to be cancer. Not picking up the smaller lesions does not mean the test is a “bad thing” said Dr. Wayne Adkisson, a gastroenterologist at Sacred Heart Hospital in Pensacola. In the virtual scan, Adkisson said, the doctor looks at a computer-generated image of the colon, not a true picture of the colon. “For that reason it won’t pick up small lesions. A traditional colonoscopy is a true photograph, a motion picture of the colon.” Adkisson said he expects the virtual scan to be more commonly accepted by insurance carriers in the next three to five years. Sacred Heart does not perform the virtual scans. “The traditional colonoscopy will never fully go away,” Adkisson said. “It is the most direct, safest route to remove a polyp or pathology. “People who would have been totally reluctant to get screened at all, (if this encourages them to get screened) it is good because it has been clearly proven that screening for colon cancer does, in fact, save lives.”
Center Offers Radiation Therapy to Help Fight Prostate Cancer    Baptist HealthCare
Today begins a week focused on preventing the deaths of an estimated 27,000 American men each year. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths for men living in the United States. The Ciano Cancer Center at Gulf Breeze Hospital is part of the effort to change that. With early detection and treatment, prostate cancer is nearly 100 percent survivable, according to the Prostate Cancer Education Council, sponsor of Prostate Cancer Awareness Week, Sept. 16-22. Even after the disease has moved to other parts of the body, treatment can curb its spread and prolong life. Gulf Breeze Hospital is committed to improving quality of life in the community it serves. In March 2004, the hospital opened the Ciano Cancer Center to provide radiation therapy for patients living in the area extending from Gulf Breeze to Navarre. For men who choose to fight prostate cancer with radiation and surgery, this means no longer having to endure repeated energy-sapping commutes while undergoing treatment. The Ciano Cancer Center is the only provider of radiation therapy in the Gulf Breeze area. The Center’s $2.1 million Varian Linear Accelerator and its million-dollar software are cutting-edge technologies that can target tumors while sparing nearby tissues. The result is more effective treatment with fewer side effects. As an entity of Baptist Health Care, Gulf Breeze Hospital connects prostate cancer patients to a complete menu of treatment options, including radioactive seed implants and the da Vinci S HD Surgical System, the most advanced robotic surgical system available in the United States. The da Vinci system provides surgeons with an unprecedented degree of precision, allowing them to remove diseased prostates without damaging surrounding structures. Not only are pain and blood loss reduced, but so is the risk for long-term complications.